Motor control.



N0. 7l3,222. Patented Nov. ll, I902.

J. D. IHLDER.

MOTOR CONTROL.

[Applicaflon filed Jan. 8, 1902.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

I G fl A 12% N0. 7I3,222. v Patented Nov. ll, I902.

J. 0. IHLDER.

moron CONTBOL. IApplication filed I. a. 1902.,

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

1 Home, L; o

m: uonms PEYERs co. PNOTCLLITHCL. WASHINGTON, m c.

UNIT D STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN D. IHLDER, OF YONKERS, NE? YORK, ASSIGNOR TO OTIS ELEVATOR COMPANY, OF EAST ORANGE, NEWV JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NE\V JERSEY.

MOTOR CONTROL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 713,222, dated November 11, 1902.

Application filed January 3, 1902. Serial No. 88,333. (No model.)

whom it 6077/0677 magnet E, deriving its energy from the main Be it known that 1, JOHN D. IHLDER, a citimotor-circuit. Preferably the circuit of the zen of the United States, residing at Yonkers, magnet E is connected to such points on the in the county of \Vestchester and State of main motor-circuit that its electric poten- New York, have invented certain new and tial increases as the speed of the armature inuseful Improvements in Motor Control, of creases upon starting, so that by arranging which the following is a specification. a number of contacts at different distances My invention relates to the operation of from the magnet E or arranging them at the machinery in general, but more particularly same distance, but providing them with IO to its operation by electricity where long runs springs of diiferent strengths or any other are made, during which the electric motor is equivalent arrangement, the contacts may be running continuously; and myinvention has made to operate successively in accordance for its object to produce a safe and efficient with the increase of electric potential in the motor-control apparatus which is prevented circuit of the magnet. It will be understood, 15 from overheating during the operation of the of course, that a series of magnets instead of motor. one magnet E may be used.

My invention consists, primarily, in an ap- In the drawings, 2 3 4 represent a series of paratus for controlling motors in which the contacts so arranged that they are operated electrical means for controlling the starting successively in the order named, thereby 20 of the motor are automatically deenergized short-circuiting successive portions of the after the motor has started, so that they do starting resistanceD as they operate. Where, not consume current thereafter during the for instance, a pump is being operated by the operation of the motor, and hence do not bemotorA, the motor may be running for a concome excessively heated, as do devices which siderable length of time continuously and 25 remain in circuit during the entire time the with the ordinary arrangementof cont-rollingmotor is in operation. circuits for the motor a magnet-such as mag- My invention further consists in the net E, for instancewould remain energized rangementof circuits and construction of apduring the whole run, and it is liable to beparatus more fully described and shown in come overheated, which is detrimental to the 0 the accompanying specification and drawings, proper electrical operation of the magnet upon in which next starting up the motor after it is once Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation stopped. The usual injurious efiects from of circuits and apparatus embodying one form overheating of course occur, and my invenof my invention, and Fig. 2 is a like diagram tion obviates this trouble by automatically 5 embodying a modification thereof. deenergizing'the magnet E and the whole cir- Referring to the drawings, A represents a cuit in which it is included as soon as the mosuitable motor, in this instance an electric tor has reached substantially normal speed motor, which may be adapted to operate the upon starting. desired machinery. The motor is provided An understanding of myinvention may be 0 with suitable field-windings, as a series field readily obtained by tracing out the circuits, 0

B, and a shunt-field 0, while D represents as follows: the armature resistance or starting resist- F represents a suitable operating-switch ance adapted in this instance to be autonormally open when the motor is at rest, and, matically cutout of circuit upon starting the assuming that this switch is closed to start 5 motor. the motor, the circuit will first be completed 5 Any suitable means may be provided for from the point 5 on the positive main (indicontrolling the starting resistance D and cated by l) to a magnet G, thence to the gradually cutting it out of the armature-cirswitch F and to the negative main (indicated cuit as the motor starts; but I prefer electroby at (l. The energizing of magnetGcloses 5o magnetic means, as that represented by the contacts 7 and closes the main motor-circuit, 10o

ture-circuit except for the fact that a short circuitis maintained around the acceleratingmagnet and the resistance during the operation of the motor. The operation of my apparatusis preferably automatic; butI am not to be understood as limiting myself to the precise means shown and described for obtaining this automatic operation nor to the circuits and connections shown, since many diiferent devices and circuits and connections may be devised for accomplishing the same results which would come within the spirit of my invention. The accelerating-magnet could of course be connected directly across the brushes of the machine and operate in the manner described; but I prefer to connect this magnet in a circuit shunting the armature, the series field-Winding, and a portion ofthe armature resistance, preferably a small portion. In other words, the acceleratingmagnet is included in a shunt-circuit derived from points on the armature-circuit which include between them the series field and a portion of the armature-resistance, or the circuit may shunt the armature and series field only, if desired. By this arrangement a certain amount of resistance is included in the circuit of the accelerating-magnet across the brushes of the motor so that as the motor speeds up and its counter electromotive force increases contact 20 of the accelerating-magnet will be closed under a higher potential than that produced by the rotating armature.

It will be seen that the short circuit adapted to be maintained around the armature-resistance,and preferably, as shown, a portion of the series field-Winding also,is jointly controlled by the circuit of the accelerating-mag net and another circuit,which becomes energized when the said short circuit is energized, while means are also provided included in said other circuit for controlling the circuit of the accelerating-magnet.

I do not herein claim any of the apparatus nor features as fully shown and described in my copending application, Serial No. 88,111, filed January 2, 1902, for elevators.

WVithout limiting myself to the precise construction and arrangement of parts shown, I claim 1. The combination with a motor, of devices for controlling the starting of the motor and means for energizing said devices until the motor has come up to speed and for then maintaining the same denergized during the operation of the motor, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a motor, and its armature resistance, of means for controlling said resistance, and means for rendering said controlling means inoperative when the motor has reached normal speed,substantially as described.

3. The combination with a motor, its armature resistance and means for controlling said resistance, of means for rendering said controlling means inoperative while at the same time closing a normally open short circuit around the resistance after the motor starts, substantially as described.

at. The combination with a motor, its armature resistance and electromagnetic means for controlling said resistance as the motor starts, of means for deenergizing said electromagnetic resistance controlling means after the motor has started and has attained normal speed, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a motor, its armature resistance, and electromagnetic means for controlling said resistance as the motor starts, of means for denergizing said electromagnetic resistance controlling means after the motor has started, and means for preventing the inclusion of the resistance in the armature-circuit again until the motorcircuit is broken, substantially as described.

6. The combination with a motor, and its starting resistance, of electrical means for automatically cutting out said starting resistance as the motor starts, and means for automatically deenergizing said electrical means after the motor has started, while at the same time closing a normally open short circuit around said armature resistance, substantially as described.

7. The combination with a motor, and its armature resistance, of electrical means for controlling said resistance, and means dependent for operation upon the speed of the motor for denergizing said controlling means after the motor has started, substantially as described.

8. The combination with a motor, of electrical means for controlling the starting of the motor, and means dependent for operation upon counter electromotive force for denergizing said electrical means after the motor has started, substantially as described.

9. The combination with a motor, of electrical means for controlling the starting of the motor, means for deenergizing said electrical means after the motor has started, and means for maintaining said electrical means denergized during the operation of the motor, substantially as described.

10. In an apparatus for controlling motors, the combination of electrical means for cutting out armature resistance on starting the motor, and means operative at a predetermined motor speed for automatically cutting out said electrical means when the motor has started, substantially as described.

11. The combination with a motor,its armature resistance, and electromagnetic means for controlling said resistance, of means for deenergizing said controlling means after the motor has started and for preventing the insertion ot' the resistance in circuit again until the motor-circuit is broken, substantially as described.

12. The combination with a motor, of electrical means connected in shunt to the armature for controlling the starting of the motor, and means for deenergizing said shunt to the armature during the operation of the motor, substantially as described.

13. The combination with a motor, of electrical means connected in shunt to the armature for controlling the starting of the motor, and means for denergizing said shunt to the armature after the motor has reached substantially normal speed, substantially as described.

14. The combination with a motor, of electrical means connected in shunt to the armature for controlling the starting of the motor, and means for automatically denergizing said shunt to the armature after the motor has reached substantially normal speed, substantially as described.

15. The combination with a motor,of an accelerating-rnagnet, and means dependent for operation upon the speed of the motor for deenergizing the same after the motor has started, substantially as described.

16. The combination with a motor,of an accelerating-magnet, and means automatically operative at a predetermined motor-speed for denergizing the same after the motor has started, substantially as described.

17. The combination with a motor,of an accelerating-magnet, and means for automatically denergizing the same after the motor has reached substantially normal speed, substanti ally as described.

18. The combination with a motor,of an accelerating-magnet, and means dependent for operation upon the speed of the motor for preventing the same from heating during the operation of the motor, substantially as described.

19. The combination with a motor, and its armature resistance, of means for controlling the starting of the motor connected in a circuit shunting the armature, the series field-winding, and a portion of the armature resistance, substantially as described.

20. The combination with a motor, and its armature resistance, of an electromagnet for controlling said resistance connectedin a circuit shunting the armature, the series fieldwinding, and a portion of the armature resistance, substantially as described.

21. The combination with a motor, and its armature resistance, of an electromagnet for controlling said resistance connected in a circuit shunting the armature and the series field-winding, substantially as described.

22. The combination with a motor, and its armature resistance, of motor controlling means connected in a circuit shunting the armature, the series field-winding,and a portion of the armature resistance, substantially as described.

23. The combination with a motor, and its armature resistance, of motor controlling means connected in a circuit shunting the armature and the series field-winding, substantially as described.

24. The combination with a motor, of an accelerating-magnet adapted to be energized until the motor has attained substantially nor mal speed and then denergized, substantially as described.

25. The combination with a motor,its armature resistance,and means for controlling said resistance, of means in the circuit of said controlling means controlling a short circuit around said resistance, and means adapted to be energized when said short circuit is closed for controlling the circuit of said controlling means, substantially as described.

26. The combination with a motor,its armature resistance, and means for controlling said resistance, of a short circuit around said resistance, means for controlling the same, and means adapted to be energized when said short circuit is closed for controlling the circuit of said controlling means, substantially as described.

27. The combination with a motor,its armature resistance, and means for controlling said resistance, of a short circuit around said resistance jointly controlled by the circuit of said resistance-controlling means and another circuit adapted to be energized when said short circuit is closed, and means also included in said other circuit for controlling the circuit of said resistance-controlling means, substantially as described.

28. The combination with a motor,its armature resistance, and means for controlling said resistance, of a normally open short circuit around said resistance jointly controlled by the circuit of said resistance controlling means and another circuit adapted to be energized when said short circuit is closed, and means also included in said other circuit for breaking the circuit of said resistance-controlling means, substantially as described.

29. The combination with a motor,its armature resistance, and means for controlling said resistance, of a short circuit around said resistance jointly controlled by itself and a circuit controlled by the circuit of said controlling means, and means included in said short circuit for controlling the circuit of said resistance-controlling means, substantially as described.

30. The combination With a motor,its armature resistance and means for controllingsaid resistance, of a short circuit around said resistance jointly controlled by itself and a circuit controlled by the circuit of said controlling means, and means also included in said short circuit for breaking the circuit of said resistance-controlling means, substantially as described.

31. The combination with a motor, and its controlling-circuit,of automatic meansin said circuit for successively cutting out the starting resistance and short-circuiting the same as the electric potential of said controllingcircuit increases with the increase of speed of the armature of the motor, and means for deenergizing said controlling-circuit after the motor has attained substantially normal speed, substantially as described.

ICC

controlling means when the motor reaches substantially normal speed, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my 15 name to this specification in the presence of 1 two subscribing Witnesses.

JOHN D. IHLDER.

Witnesses:

F. W. NEWELL, O. I. I-IoLBRooK. 

